How Stress is linked to male fertility

By Daily News Health Reporter

Past research has associated stress with a number of health problems, including heart disease, asthma, obesity and depression. Now, a new study suggests stress can reduce sperm and semen quality, which could have implications for male fertility.

According to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, in around 40% of infertile couples the male partner is the sole cause or contributing cause of infertility.

The main cause of male infertility is sperm abnormalities, including low sperm production or misshapen or immobile sperm. Medical conditions – such as undescended testicles or ejaculation problems – can lead to sperm abnormalities, as well as health and lifestyle factors.

Can Life stress ‘led to lower semen quality’?

Men who experienced two or more stressful life events in the past year had lower sperm quality than men who did not experience any stressful life events, according to researchers.

As part of our research study, the men were required to complete a series of tests that measured levels of stress, including that from the workplace, stressful life events and overall perceived stress.

They were also required to provide semen samples. Using standard fertility testing methods, researchers from the University Teaching Hospital (UTH), analyzed semen concentration, and sperm shape (morphology) and movement (motility) in each sample.

The researchers found that men who experienced two or more stressful life events in the past year had a lower percentage of sperm motility and a lower percentage of sperm of normal morphology, compared with men who did not experience any stressful life events. They note this finding remained even after accounting for other factors that may influence semen quality, such as age, other health problems and history of reproductive health problems.

Although workplace stress did not directly affect semen quality in the men, the researchers found that those who experienced job strains had lower levels of the hormone testosterone in their semen, which could affect reproductive health.

In addition, they found that regardless of the levels of stress experienced, men who were unemployed had lower semen quality than those who were employed.

How can stress affect semen quality?

Although the researchers are unable to pinpoint exactly how stress affects the quality of semen, they do present some theories.

They say stress could activate the release of glucocorticoids – steroid hormones that affect the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins – which could reduce testosterone levels and sperm production.

Furthermore, they say stress could trigger oxidative stress – physiological stress on the body caused by damage from unneutralized free radicals – which has been associated with semen quality and fertility.

And Dr Teresa Banda, (name changed for confidential) PhD Public Health, said:

“Stress has long been identified as having an influence on health. Our research suggests that men’s reproductive health may also be affected by their social environment.”

The researchers noted that this is the first study to use subjective and objective measures of stress and, as a result, find links with reduced semen quality.

And Gift Kalunga a Male resident of Mandevu Compound in Lusaka Zambia shared a story with Daily News Health Reporter that he had difficulties in producing to have good quality of semen,

“If I had not gone to the man’s clinic I would have low semen today, the doctors helped me with information on how to have good quality semen which required me to share with other men,” Kalunga said.

He further urged fellow men to visit any clinic nearby for more advance.

     

 

Male infertility and you

By Daily News Reporter

Infertility is an issue that can deeply affect an individual and their relationship. Advice is most often focused toward women, so in this Spotlight feature, we focus on infertility in men and provide some science-based tips for dealing with it.

Male infertility can be a heavy burden to bear. When the word “infertility” rears its worrisome head, most people first think about female infertility.

However, males are responsible for 20–30 percent Trusted Source of cases of infertility and “contribute to 50 percent of cases overall.”

Men and women tend to respond to the experience of infertility differently: historically, women have thought that men deal with the issue easier, but in reality, men are simply less likely to open up about their emotions.

Finding out that you are infertile can be a devastating experience. A man might feel less male and as if they have failed. Some men believe that their masculinity is wrapped up in their ability to give their partner a child, and so feeling that they have lost that ability can produce strong negative emotions.

Let see what causes male infertility?

Firstly, it is worth defining infertility. The World Health Organization Trusted Source (WHO) define it as “the inability of a sexually active, non-contracepting couple to achieve pregnancy in 1 year.”

In the majority of cases, male infertility is due to abnormal sperm. Sometimes there are low numbers of sperm, while sometimes there are none at all. Or, the sperm may not be great swimmers or be deformed in some way.

These issues can be caused in a number of ways, including:

Testicular infection

Testicular surgery

Varicocele, or varicose veins in the scrotum

Hypogonadism, or testosterone deficiency

Mumps

Radiotherapy

Cystic fibrosis

The list goes on. But often, there is no well-defined reason for the defective sperm. And in many cases, despite healthy sperm and no obvious issues with the partner’s reproductive health, conception remains difficult to achieve.

In some cases, it is impossible for a man to impregnate a woman, but this is relatively uncommon. In most situations, there is still a chance. If you have been trying for a particularly long time, it might feel as though there is no hope — but, generally, there is.

If you haven’t been to see an infertility specialist yet, you should consider it. They can pin down where the problem might lie and give general tips and advice. Talking with an expert also helps you to realize that you are not alone.

Also, there are options. For instance, many couples now conceive through in vitro fertilization (IVF).  According to the WHO’s of 2023 Rport stated that Large numbers of people are affected by infertility in their lifetime, according to a new report published today by WHO. Around 17.5% of the adult population – roughly 1 in 6 worldwide – experience infertility, showing the urgent need to increase access to affordable, high-quality fertility care for those in need.

The new estimates show limited variation in the prevalence of infertility between regions. The rates are comparable for high-, middle- and low-income countries, indicating that this is a major health challenge globally. Lifetime prevalence was 17.8% in high-income countries and 16.5% in low- and middle-income countries. It is vital to remember that there are other roads to be taken as you go through this troubling time.

Infertility is a disease of the male or female reproductive system, defined by the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. It can cause significant distress, stigma, and financial hardship, affecting people’s mental and psychosocial well-being.

And According to 30 years old George Phiri of Kaunda Square in Lusaka shares with us the tips to deal with the emotional and practical side of infertility.

1. Get the facts

First and foremost, find out what’s going on. If you just think that you are infertile, or making a baby hasn’t happened despite a year or so of trying, it’s time to get checked. There is no point beginning a journey into sorrow without knowing if it’s even justified.

Go to an expert, and get your sperm tested. Ask questions. Read as much as you can. Understand what your particular issue is, and what that means for your chances of conception.

2. Make plans

One of the toughest parts of dealing with male infertility is not knowing how long it will last. Making plans where possible can help you to feel that you are still in charge.

Set targets and limits. With your partner, discuss what procedures you are prepared to go for, and what emotional and financial levels you can both handle. Pregnancy is often the result of repeated efforts, whether through natural intercourse or fertility treatment. It will help no one if you both end up as financially ruined, desiccated emotional husks.

3. Take control

There are some scientifically proven ways to improve sperm quality. Often, the simple act of taking back some control can go a long way to help deal with infertility; it fights off that creeping sense of helplessness.

Eating right can improve both sperm quality and general well-being.

Eat right. In short, lay off meat products and stock up on veg. Understanding the exact impacts of overall food intake is difficult, but a diet including lean meats, vegetables, legumes, and grains seems to improve sperm motility.

Maintain the right weight. There are fairly strong links between being overweight and male infertility.

Reduce stress. No, I’m not kidding, even though it sounds like a joke. Infertility is stressing you out, which, in turn, might be making infertility worse. The section on coping strategies below offers some advice on minimizing the impact of stress…and breathe.

Get active. Although the link between physical fitness and sperm quality has not been definitively proven, being physically active will prevent obesity, which is certainly linked. Exercise also helps to relieve stress, so it’s worth getting sweaty. According to one study, bicycling for just 5 hours per week could do the trick.

He added that some of the family members and the community used to laugh at that he failed to produce a baby because of his infertility “ they used to laugh at me that am not a man enough to have a baby now with the help of the doctors am able to produce as a man” Phiri said.

Speak with a doctor about medications that could interfere with sperm production, such as calcium channel blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, and anabolic steroids.

“You know in life you can’t force it, and it may feel like the last thing on earth that you want to do — but it can help. It counts as exercise and stress relief at the same time. Put on a movie that you know will tickle you, or hang out with your friends for a bit. Don’t hide away in a darkened corner” He added.

The last word Infertility affects people in a range of different ways — both physically and emotionally. However you are dealing with it, it is important to remember that you are not alone and that there is help available. Keep active, talk, and treat your mind and body well.

 

 ADB SECURES $18 MILLION FOR ZAMBEZI RIVER BASIN PROJECT

By Daily News Reporter

African Development Bank secures $18 million Global Environment Facility (GEF) funding for Zambezi Basin and E-waste projects

The Zambezi River Basin project, estimated to cost $9.45 million, is expected to benefit millions through advancements in agriculture, fisheries, and dam operations

The African Development Bank (ADB) has secured more than $18 million in funding from the Global Environment Facility (GEF) for two major projects aimed at bolstering environmental sustainability and resilience across Africa.

The first project, "Strengthening Zambezi River Basin Management towards Climate Resilience and Ecosystem Health," has been allocated $10.57 million. This initiative aims to improve the collaborative management of water, energy, food, and environmental resources within the Zambezi River Basin, which spans eight southern African countries: Angola, Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

The second project, the "Global Electronics Management (GEM) program (Horn of Africa Regional Child Project)," has received $7.83 million to address the growing challenge of electronic waste (e-waste) in Somalia, Djibouti and Ethiopia.

GEF approved the funding during its 67th Council meetings held in Washington DC, from 17-20 June 2024. Established ahead of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit, the Facility is the largest source of multilateral funding for biodiversity, addressing interrelated environmental challenges globally. The African Development Bank is one of its implementing agencies with direct access to its resources.

The Zambezi River Basin project, estimated to cost $9.45 million, is expected to benefit millions through advancements in agriculture, fisheries, and dam operations. It focuses on promoting transboundary cooperation, integrated planning, and adaptive management practices to boost the basin's resilience and ecosystem health.

The $60-million GEM program aims to significantly reduce e-waste generation and increase circularity in the electronics sector of developing countries.

Anthony Nyong, Director of Climate Change and Green Growth at the African Development Bank, stated, "Through these projects, the African Development Bank continues to lead the way in promoting environmental sustainability and resilience, driving positive change for both people and the planet." 

He added, "Over the years, we have also increased our interventions on issues related to chemicals and waste across the African continent."

These projects represent a continued commitment by the African Development Bank to foster sustainable development and resilience throughout Africa, addressing critical environmental challenges through innovative and collaborative approaches.

Details on Zambezi Bsin River:

The Zambezi Basin is an African drainage basin, and it holds several distinctions:

Size and Importance:

It’s the fourth largest river basin in Africa, following the Congo, Nile, and Niger basins.

The basin covers approximately 1.3 million square kilometers (about 4.5% of the continent’s area).

It spans eight countries: Zambia (40.7%), Angola (18.2%), Zimbabwe (18.0%), Mozambique (11.4%), Malawi (7.7%), Botswana (2.8%), Tanzania (2.0%), and Namibia (1.2%)1.

Zambezi River:

The Zambezi River flows eastward for about 3,000 kilometers from its sources on the Central African Plateau to empty into the Indian Ocean.

It’s a vital watercourse, supplying fresh water, electricity, and fish to the populations of the Zambezi Basin countries.

The river passes through immense wet plains, influencing the climate and supporting rich ecosystems of savannas and humid forests23.

 THE LINK BETWEEN DIABETES AND THYROID

By Daily News Reporter

Diabetes and thyroid disorders occur due to hormonal changes. Although growing evidence suggests a link between diabetes and thyroid disorders, researchers are currently unsure what connects them.

Thyroid disorders and diabetes are two of the most common conditions that endocrinologists treat. An “endocrine disorder” is any condition that affects the production and release of hormones.

People living with diabetes may be at a higher risk of developing a thyroid disorder and vice versa.

This article will discuss the relationship between diabetes and thyroid disorders in more detail.

Most Experts refer to both diabetes and thyroid disorders as endocrine disorders.

This term refers to medical conditions in which the endocrine system, which produces hormones, cannot function correctly. These conditions can have several potential causes, and because they affect hormones, they can lead to a wide range of symptoms.

The endocrine system consists Trusted Source of eight major glands throughout the body, including the thyroid and pancreas.

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland that sits at the front of the neck. It produces hormones, such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which help regulate body processes. These processes include the following:

Metabolism

Mood

Breathing

Heart rate

In some cases, the thyroid may overproduce hormones, causing a condition called hyperthyroidism.

It can also underproduce hormones, leading to a condition called hypothyroidism.

Autoimmune conditions can often result in the development of these thyroid disorders. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease are common causes of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, respectively.

Diabetes

The pancreas is a gland in the abdomen that plays a role in the digestive system. It produces insulin, a hormone that helps blood sugar, also called glucose, enter cells, providing the cells and body with essential energy. Without enough insulin, a person may develop diabetes

Diabetes affects the body’s ability to process blood glucose. There are multiple types of diabetes, with type 1 and type 2 being the most common.

In type 1 diabetes, the immune system mistakenly attacks the pancreas, reducing insulin production.

Many variables may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes, such as:

Genetics

Insulin resistance

Diet and lifestyle factors

The thyroid and blood sugar  

The thyroid secretes hormones that regulate a person’s metabolism. An imbalance in these hormones can affect Trusted Source blood sugar in several ways.

Excess thyroid hormone increases a metabolic process called lipolysis, which involves the breakdown of body fat into serum-free fatty acids, and the secretion of insulin and glucagon. The sum of these effects causes glucose metabolism to worsen, which can cause glucose intolerance and diabetes.

Glucagon is a hormone that the pancreas releases Trusted Source when a person experiences hypoglycemia, a condition in which their blood sugar levels are too low. The body stops releasing glucagon when the blood sugar levels return to a healthy range.

Research by daily News health reporter stated that according to a 2016 review on thyroid and blood sugar shows an excess of glucagon is the key factor in the development of diabetes.

A resident of Kanyama Compound in Zambia Beatrice shares a story: Living with diabetes and a thyroid disorder,

“Living with diabetes and a thyroid disorder has been tough, but I manage them carefully with support. For diabetes, I watch my diet, check my blood sugar, and stay active. I also take medication and see my endocrinologist regularly for my thyroid.

It’s intriguing how diabetes and thyroid problems are linked. They both involve the endocrine system. People with diabetes often have thyroid issues, and vice versa. So, I closely monitor both conditions and ensure my doctors know my full medical history.

Managing both conditions means living a healthy lifestyle and getting specialized care. Following my treatment plan helps me stay healthier and improves my quality of life.”

 IS THERE A CANCER VACCINE?

By Daily News Health Reporter

Cancer vaccines exist both to prevent different types of cancer and to treat them. Developing a cancer vaccine is a difficult process, but there are many trials in progress that could provide a vaccine for more types of cancer in the future.

Vaccines are medicines that train the body’s immune system to fight disease.

There are two types of cancer vaccine. One targets the viruses that can cause cancer. This will only work if a person receives them before they have exposure to the virus.

Doctors can also use some vaccines to treat some types of cancer. These tend to help stop the cancer from coming back or from spreading.

This article will explain what a vaccine is and which vaccines doctors use to prevent or treat cancer. It will also look at which cancer vaccines we might expect to see in the future.

Vaccines to prevent cancer

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Some viruses can cause certain types of cancer. Vaccines to prevent cancer work by helping the body fight the virus.

Immune cells are part of the body’s defense against harmful molecules, such as viruses. Each immune cell has proteins, called immune receptors, on its surface. Viruses also have proteins on their surface. These are called antigens.

Receptors and antigens are unique to each immune cell and each virus. They fit together like a lock and key. When an immune cell finds the antigen that “fits” in its lock, it binds to it and destroys the virus.

Sometimes, the body might not have immune cells with the right receptors to fight the virus. Vaccines to prevent cancer work by training the immune cells to recognize the virus.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have approved two vaccines to prevent cancer: the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and the hepatitis B vaccine.

Let us talk about HPV Vaccine:

HPV vaccine

According to our research the American Cancer Society Trusted Source shows that HPV is very common. 

Many cases affect people in their late teens or early 20s.

How can a person catch HPV?

A person can catch HPV if they come into contact with someone who already has the virus. This might be during Trusted Source:

anal sex

vaginal sex

oral sex

Since HPV can cause no symptoms, a person may not realize that they have it.

What can HPV cause?

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Trusted Source, the virus usually goes away by itself and does not cause any further health conditions.

For some people, however, HPV can cause:

cervical cancer

vulvar cancer

vaginal cancer

penile cancer

throat cancer

oropharyngeal cancer, which affects the mouth and throat (specifically the tongue and tonsils)

Some experts do not know why some people with HPV will go on to develop cancer while others will not.

Who should have the HPV vaccine?

The CDC Trusted Source recommends that all children receive the HPV vaccine as early as possible, ideally around the ages of 11–12 years.

The American Cancer Society Trusted Source do not recommend the HPV vaccine for anyone over the age of 26 years.

How do doctors give the vaccine?

The vaccine usually requires two doses, with the second dose arriving 6–12 months after the first.

Children who receive the first dose after the age of 15 years will need three doses over the course of 6 months.

What of Hepatitis B:

Hepatitis B vaccine

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) attacks the liver. In some people, it only lasts for a few weeks Trusted Source. Doctors call this acute HBV infection.

In other people, HBV is a long-term illness that doctors call chronic HBV infection.

What can hepatitis B cause?

Hepatitis B can lead to cirrhosis, or scarring of the liver, and liver cancer.

How can a person catch hepatitis B?

Hepatitis B spreads through bodily fluids, such as blood and semen. It can also pass to a fetus during pregnancy. People may also catch it through:

sharing razors or toothbrushes

having sex

sharing needles or syringes for drug use

Who should have the hepatitis B vaccine?

The CDC Trusted Source recommend that doctors give infants their first dose at birth.

Anyone under the age of 19 years who has not received the vaccine should ask their doctor for it.

Unvaccinated people in the following at-risk groups should also request a vaccine:

(a) people whose sexual partners have HBV 

(b)sexually active people who are not in a monogamous relationship

(c)people who are undergoing testing or treatment for a sexually transmitted infection

(d) Males who have sexual contact with males

(e) people who share equipment for injecting drugs

(f) healthcare and public safety workers who may come into contact with other people’s blood or bodily fluids

people in corrections facilities

survivors of sexual assault

people who are traveling to areas with high rates of HBV

people who are living with the following conditions:

chronic liver disease

HIV

diabetes

How do doctors give the hepatitis B vaccine?

The vaccine can come in the form of two, three, or four stages of injections.

In most cases, people who have received the HBV vaccine will be immune to the virus for life.

Vaccines to treat cancer

Like viruses, cancer cells also have antigens on their surface. However, immune cells do not usually have the right receptors to bind to them.

Vaccines to treat cancer tend to work by helping the immune system find, bind to, and destroy cancer cells.

Vaccines for cancer treatment can:

prevent cancer from returning

kill cancer cells that have remained in the body following treatment

prevent a tumor from growing or spreading

Doctors can use vaccines alongside other cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy.

Current cancer-treating vaccines

So far, the FDA have only approved the following vaccines Trusted Source to treat cancer in the U.S.:

BCG live: This vaccine can treat early-stage bladder cancer.

Sipuleucel-T: This vaccine can treat prostate cancer.

Talimogene laherparepvec Trusted Source: This vaccine can treat melanoma.

Vaccines to treat cancer must cater to an individual’s needs. Scientists build each medicine to target the antigens on that person’s particular cancer cells.

(End of Part 1)

 

GLAE TO ENGAGE IN ENERGY SOLUTIONS AT AEF 2024, BARCELONA

By Daily news reporter

 

GL Africa Energy (GLAE), a premier pan-African energy solutions provider and subsidiary of the Janus Continental Group, is set to send a high-level delegation to the Africa Energy Forum (AEF) 2024, which will be held from June 25-28 in Barcelona, Spain. The delegation will include Group Chief Executive Officer Mr. Kevin Teeroovengadum, Chief Executive Officer of Power Dr. Brian Mushimba, Ph.D., and Head of Financing and Fundraising Mr. Divya Bagrecha. These leaders will engage with energy experts, investors, and key stakeholders from across Africa and the globe to discuss critical issues related to power generation, infrastructure development, and access to sustainable, affordable energy on the continent.

 

Ms. Kawiria Rincuni, Marketing Manager at Janus Continental Group, highlighted the strategic importance of GLAE's participation, stating, "The primary purpose for attending AEF is business development and stakeholder engagement. From an energy perspective, it's an opportunity to lay the foundation for our vision and commitment to deliver reliable, accessible, and cleaner energy solutions across East, Central, and Southern Africa."

She added, "The forum allows us to drive conversations around the energy crises in the region, affecting countries like Zambia, and propose tangible solutions to address the urgent need for stable energy supplies."

 

Dr. Mushimba emphasized GLAE's role as a comprehensive energy solutions provider, tailoring its offerings to the African market. "With an audience of key power sector stakeholders at this conference, we shall engage and share insights, ideas, and strategies to tackle the pressing energy challenges facing sub-Saharan Africa. AEF arrives at an incredibly crucial time for a region grappling with growing energy deficits, crippling power shortages, and the existential threat of climate change. Investing in a diversified, climate-resilient energy mix has become an urgent priority. Our solutions leverage a strategic mix of technologies customized to meet the unique requirements of potential customers across the region."

 

Dr. Mushimba also stressed the critical role of governments in establishing conducive environments for private sector growth and energy development through investments.

"We will impress upon government officials the necessity of creating enabling policies, robust legal frameworks, and liberalized energy markets,"

He added that if governments can provide that foundational support through progressive regulations and upholding the rule of law, the private sector can deliver innovative, sustainable energy solutions that spur economic growth and improve livelihoods.

 

 

 

 

Africa: Accelerate Free Education for All

Focus on Free Quality Education; Expedite Positive Measures for Girls

By Daily News Reporter

African governments should accelerate plans to guarantee free quality education from preschool through secondary education before 2030, Human Rights Watch said today on the African Union (AU)’s Day of the African Child, June 16, 2024.

Africa is the region with the world’s highest out-of-school population. In 2021, 98 million children and older adolescents of primary and secondary school age were out of school. The majority of pre-primary-age children are unable to access early childhood education. Although significant progress has been made across the continent to close gender gaps, more girls are out of school than boys and many drop out before completing primary or secondary education.

“Millions of African children are still waiting to get an education, while millions more are in school but not receiving the quality education their governments have pledged to provide,” said Mausi Segun, Africa director at Human Rights Watch. “Dozens of African states have adopted educational standards that contradict their human rights obligations, compromising the quality of education available to African children.”

The 2024 theme for the Day of the African Child is: “Education for All Children in Africa: The Time is Now.” With deadlines to reach global and African education commitments fast approaching, African governments should focus on guaranteeing access to quality free education and remove legal, policy, and practice barriers that continue to deny an education to millions of children, especially girls, Human Rights Watch said.

All African governments have adopted commitments to guarantee 12 years of primary and secondary education for all children and to provide at least one year of free pre-primary education. Deadlines set by states to fulfill these goals are fast approaching, including the AU’s Continental Education Strategy, which sets out member states’ objectives to be met by 2025, and the Sustainable Development Goals, which should be reached by 2030. The AU set 2024 as its Year of Education to renew collective commitment and joint action by African countries toward these goals and its longer-term development agenda.

Some African states have taken important steps towards guaranteeing these rights. In 2022, Zambia implemented a free education policy from early childhood to secondary education in all public schools, while Madagascar adopted a bill to provide for one year of free and compulsory pre-primary education. In 2023, Sierra Leone adopted a new education law, guaranteeing children a full 13 years of free education, including one year of pre-primary as well as secondary education.

Financial barriers and the lack of free education have a disproportionate impact on children from the poorest households, who are often at higher risk of dropping out. All governments should adopt stronger measures to advance free education and to end the practice of charging students extra-official tuition and enrollment fees, charges for school materials, as well as unaffordable payments for school uniforms and tackle other indirect costs such as school transportation.

African governments’ commitments to guarantee at least one year of pre-primary education have not been implemented consistently, Human Rights Watch research shows. In Uganda, which adopted free primary education in 1997 and free secondary education in 2007, free pre-primary education is not available. Human Rights Watch and the Initiative for Social and Economic Rights Uganda found that very high fees for children ages 3 to 5 in private pre-primary schools exacerbate inequality in learning and create an insurmountable barrier for most families, particularly those in rural areas and those with little income.

African governments should adopt legal and policy frameworks to guarantee the right to early childhood education and ensure that lower and higher secondary education is free and available to all children across Africa, Human Rights Watch said. They should particularly focus on ensuring that universal access to primary and secondary education is underpinned by fully free education.

African governments will not fulfill their obligations until they have eliminated the biggest barriers and ended human rights abuses faced by girls. Thousands of girls permanently drop out of school or are forced out by teachers and school officials because they are pregnant or are parents, and many are unable to continue schooling due to child marriage. Eighteen of the 20 countries with the world’s highest child marriage rates are in sub-Saharan Africa. Most have very high rates of teenage pregnancy and high percentages of girls out of secondary school.

Governments’ failures to tackle and prevent school-related sexual violence and end impunity for sexual offenses is a serious obstacle for many girls. In many countries, students, overwhelmingly girls, face high levels of sexual and gender-based violence, including sexual exploitation, harassment, and abuse by teachers, other school officials, and students.

In Kenya, Tanzania, Sierra Leone, and Senegal, some teachers and school officials, as well as many motorcycle and bus drivers, sexually exploit and coerce girls in exchange for money for tuition fees, menstrual pads, and other basic items. In Senegal, in some contexts, the low retention rate of girls is closely linked to fear that girls will be exposed to sexual harassment and gender-based violence in school or that girls will be at high risk of pregnancy because of the school environment.

Across the continent, progress has been made in advancing the right to education of girls who are pregnant or parenting. Thirty-eight countries have adopted policies related to the education of students who are pregnant or parenting. Yet, even with these policies, some countries adhere to measures that effectively hinder girls’ right to education, including the denial or limitations on comprehensive sexuality education and inaction on widespread school-related sexual violence.

More than 10 countries also adhere to punitive policies or lack frameworks that acknowledge adolescent pregnancy in schools. At least 5 also make sexual behavior outside of marriage a criminal offense.

African governments should urgently review their policies and adopt human rights-compliant measures for students who are pregnant or parenting that fully reflect their commitments to advancing girls’ right to education. Governments should also comprehensively respond to the broader needs of girls who are parenting, including with social protection measures that provide adequate financial support and guarantee access to child care and early childhood education.

Governments should focus more resources on preventing adolescent pregnancies by promoting and guaranteeing adolescents’ sexual and reproductive rights, including access to comprehensive, non-judgmental sexuality education and information.

“The African Union and states’ common vision for Africa’s future through education is clear,” Segun said. “African governments should urgently follow through on their commitments to guarantee fully free, quality education in line with their human rights obligations by 2030.”

 

 

Standard Chartered Bank Forks Out ZMW 200,000 for SME Capacity Building                                                                  

Daily news Reporter

Standard Chartered Bank Zambia has reaffirmed its unwavering support for the growth and advancement of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) by sponsoring ZMW 200,000 for SME capacity building training in Solwezi.

This collaborative effort, in partnership with Shoprite, underscores the bank's dedication to fostering sustainable development opportunities and impactful initiatives within the SME ecosystem.

Speaking during the launch of the capacity training programme hosted in Solwezi, which was graced by the Minister of Small and Medium Enterprise Development, Hon. Elias Mubanga, Standard Chartered Bank Head of Corporate and Investment Banking, Emmy Kumwenda, underscored the pivotal role played by SMEs in the economic growth of Zambia’s economy.

Ms Kumwenda stated that Standard Chartered’s investment of ZMW200,000 into the hosting of the SME Capacity Building Workshop reflects the bank’s commitment to seeing Zambian SMEs equipped with the right knowledge to enable them grow and expand.

"I hope SMEs utilize and put the knowledge they will gain to good use. We want to see more SMEs in Zambia adding value to their products and making it to our shelves both locally and internationally," Ms Kumwenda said.

Ms Kumwenda noted the challenges that SMEs face such as access to credit, markets and resources, lack of mentorship and financial knowledge among others.

“To address some of these issues we work with Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs) to reach SMEs, recognising that the MFIs may be better suited to service the SMEs. We have equally expanded our Agency Banking outlets to 150, with at least 80 SMEs provided with an alternative source of income, as well as providing the much-needed widespread depositor location,” she said.

Ms Kumwenda further stated that Standard Chartered was providing banking services to multinationals who are able to pass on the benefits to the small-scale suppliers by providing extended credit terms.

Standard Chartered Bank Zambia continues to demonstrate its commitment to enhancing entrepreneurship and the local business landscape through its support of SMEs and impactful programmes such as the Bank’s unique Women in Tech programme. As these initiatives progress, they are anticipated to foster the growth of SMEs and contribute to the overall economic development of the country.

The SME capacity training programme is being facilitated by a diverse pool of experts. It aims to address the common challenges and opportunities faced by SMEs, providing them with the necessary tools and knowledge to thrive in today's competitive business environment.

 

 

 

 

Improved connectivity across Africa will lower the cost of doing business- Mutati

By Daily News Reporter

 “They is need to improve connectivity across Africa which will lower the cost of doing business and enhance trade, and also to increase investment in digital technologies and enhanced cross-border connectivity to promote trade…………..” 

Speaking at the 2024 ANGOTIC ICT Forum on Digital Connectivity in Luanda, Zambia’s Technology and Science Minister, Hon. Felix Mutati, stressed the critical importance of improved connectivity across Africa in reducing the cost of conducting business and enhancing trade.

He emphasized that investment in digital technologies and cross-border connectivity is essential for promoting trade and creating a conducive environment for business and travelers. By streamlining border procedures and leveraging digital technologies, countries can facilitate intra-regional commerce and enhance economic growth.

Additionally, Mr. Mutati called for collaboration with multilateral institutions to mobilize resources and invest in critical infrastructure, including modern border facilities and cybersecurity measures.

His vision aligns with President Hakainde Hichilema’s goal of creating seamless border crossings through technology and regional cooperation.

African Energy Chamber (AEC) Sponsors Nigeria’s National Judicial Institute (NJI) Workshop on Petroleum Industry Act, Promotes Judicial Support for Oil & Gas (O&G) Projects

The African Energy Chamber’s sponsorship of Nigeria’s National Judicial Institute’s workshop underscores its steadfast commitment to advocating for streamlined legal processes within Africa’s oil and gas sector

By Daily news Reporter

The African Energy Chamber (AEC) the voice of the African energy sector is sponsoring a workshop led by Nigeria’s National Judicial Institute (NJI). The workshop - held under the theme Innovations under the Petroleum Industry Act 2021 and their Implications in Adjudication and in partnership with Investin234 Promotion Services Limited - aims to equip members of the Nigerian judiciary with comprehensive knowledge of the recent changes in the oil and gas sector brought about by the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA) of 2021. This initiative is essential for creating an enabling environment, ensuring the sanctity of contracts and restoring both investor and citizen confidence in Nigeria’s oil and gas industry.

 

The AEC’s sponsorship aligns with its strategic focus on promoting research and development in the petroleum and gas sectors. The workshop offers a platform for the Nigerian legal industry to enhance investor confidence, promote Nigerian content in oil and gas disputes, and provide valuable industry feedback to the judiciary. For the AEC, sponsoring this workshop is more than just a gesture of support; it is a strategic move to fortify the judicial framework that underpins the energy sector.

 

The International Chamber of Commerce in Nigeria estimates that Africa loses billions of dollars annually to business arbitrations conducted abroad. This is due to delays in the court process and a lack of sector-specific knowledge among adjudicators, which hampers the Nigerian economy and undermines local content aspirations. The Petroleum Industry Act 2021 – a framework for the oil and gas industry - introduces major changes in fiscal requirements, regulatory frameworks and governance structures. For these changes to be effective, the judiciary must be well-versed in the new regulatory environment and its implications. The AEC believes a knowledgeable judiciary is crucial for resolving disputes efficiently within Nigeria and the rest of Africa, saving costs, enhancing investor confidence and promoting local content by keeping arbitration and its benefits within the country.

 

“A well-informed judiciary not only ensures fair adjudication but also fosters an environment conducive to sustainable investment and equitable growth,” states NJ Ayuk Executive Chairman of the AEC.

“This collaborative effort between the energy sector and the judiciary not only strengthens the rule of law but also promotes transparency and accountability, essential pillars for fostering a thriving energy ecosystem in Nigeria and beyond.”

Bringing the judiciary up to speed with oil industry regulations is critical, especially in light of major developments such as Golar LNG’s recently launched FLNG project in the country. On June 10, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation signed a Project Development Agreement with LNG company Golar LNG for a FLNG facility offshore the Niger Delta. The project aims to monetize 400-500 million standard cubic feet per day (mmscf/d) of gas. Additionally, Nigeria recently commenced operations for three gas projects, including the expanded AHL Gas Processing Plant, the ANOH Gas Processing Plant and the 23.3km ANOH to Obiafu-Obrikom-Oben Custody Transfer Metering Station Gas Pipeline. These projects aim to collectively supply approximately 500 mmscf/d of gas to the domestic market, resulting in a 25% increase in gas supply.

 

Recently launched, Nigeria’s latest licensing round introduces 12 deep offshore and shallow water oil blocks, incorporating five blocks from the previous year’s round. Open for bidding until January 2025, the licensing round aims to attract both local and international explorers to the country’s acreage, with the overarching goal of expanding its reserve base and optimizing production.

 

In light of these initiatives, it is clear that judicial comprehension and adherence to regulations play a pivotal role. A robust legal framework ensures the fair allocation of licenses, transparent bidding processes, and the enforcement of contractual obligations. Moreover, regulations provide the necessary guidance for exploration activities, safeguarding environmental sustainability and ensuring compliance with industry standards.

 

African Management Institute (AMI) added $130M to African economies and impacted 1.5M livelihoods in first decade through support for 37,000 African businesses

By Daily News Reporter

African Management Institute's decade of impact: 37,000 businesses and over 94,000 individuals reached, enhancing 1.46 million livelihoods across Africa, and adding $130M to African economies since 2013.

 

The African Management Institute (AMI) (www.AfricanManagers.org) has released its 2023 annual impact report, titled 10 Years as An African Champion for Africa’s Business Champions, which highlights how Africa’s leading business and management learning company impacted 1.5 million livelihoods in the last decade through its support of 37,000 African businesses.

The report underscores the impact of AMI’s practical learning programmes on business growth and job creation at scale across the continent, with 97,000 jobs created and $130 million in incremental small business revenue generated - with an outsized impact for youth and women.

 

“Africa’s businesses and employees are the continent’s engines of growth and prosperity. Through our decade of providing Africa’s ambitious businesses with practical tools and training, we know that businesses grow faster and people perform better when they engage in practical business learning that can be immediately applied on the job,” said Rebecca Harrison, CEO and co-founder of AMI.

 

“We’re particularly proud of our work with thousands of talented women business leaders across Africa. Our latest data shows women and youth outpace the average on all key business metrics, including revenue growth, job creation and access to finance.”

 

AMI was founded in 2013 to address the lack of effective and scalable business and management learning for Africa’s ambitious business owners and teams.

 

The report outlines lessons and stories from AMI’s high-impact model for business learning and growth support at scale.

“We knew that traditional training couldn’t achieve real change. Our approach had to be obsessively focused on practice - providing business owners and their teams with practical tools to underpin the daily habits and behaviors needed to build strong companies,” emphasized Jonathan Cook, AMI’s co-founder and chairman. “In our first ten years, that’s what we’ve delivered and as Africa’s ambitious businesses continue to grow, we’re looking forward to the next decade of spurring further growth.”

Report Overview:

Since 2013, AMI has:

Resulted in SMEs generating $130 million in incremental revenue

Reached 37,000 businesses with its practical training programs.

Facilitated the creation of 97,000 direct and indirect jobs.

Enabled an average annual revenue growth of 18% for businesses post-Covid

Enhanced 1.46 million livelihoods across Africa

Key Findings of the Report - 2023 Results

Youth and Women-Owned Businesses:

Women-owned businesses accounted for more than half of those supported. Women and young entrepreneurs outpaced men in nearly every growth metric:

Spotlight on Women in 2023

50% of all participants and 51% of entrepreneurship program participants in 2023 were women.

Women-led businesses created an average of 1.4 jobs each per year, surpassing the overall average of 1; 26% of jobs created were for women

Women-led businesses had a median annual revenue growth of 20%, exceeding an overall average of 18%.

Women-led businesses accessed higher finance amounts ($33,667) compared to male-led businesses ($26,833), with co-led businesses accessing even more ($45,737)

Spotlight on Youth in 2023

81% of participants were youth (age 34 and below).

Youth-led businesses achieved an annual revenue growth of 24.62%, significantly higher than the average

Youth-led businesses also had a higher three-year CAGR at 20.23%.

High Return on Investment:

AMI delivers sector-leading impact and cost efficiency;

For every $1 invested in an AMI programme, businesses generated $48 in revenue, with an estimated 25% of that directly enhancing employee incomes.

In 2023 businesses in AMI programmes saw 18.69% median annual revenue growth

The top 50 performing businesses created an average of 15.4 jobs each in 2023 and grew their revenue by an average of 169% in one year.

MSMEs Access to Finance in 2023:

39.5% of participants accessed finance (an increase from 2022).

77% of those accessing finance obtained loans.

Average finance amount was $30,800 (, with a median amount of $4,405).

The range of finance raised was $33-$1.2 million.

Entrepreneur Endorsed:

88% of entrepreneurs reported that they either would not have or may not have achieved their growth without AMI's support.

 

What is the future of AI in marketing?

By Daily News Reporter

AI marketing is achieving new advancements at a phenomenal speed. Here are some ways it’s reshaping businesses for the better.

Computer vision

Computer vision allows AI marketing tools to derive insights from non-text digital data available in the form of raw images. From powering optical character recognition (OCR) to analyze information and signatures in checks and recognize brand logos in videos, to extracting text from images for accessibly, computer vision is helping solve key business challenges every day.

In retail, computer vision can be used to identify imperfections in products in a manufacturing assembly line or to ensure shelves are always full. It also helps in improving biometric authentication with enhanced facial recognition to identify shoplifters, a customer or employee in distress and so much more.

AI chatbots

Conversational AI in the form of virtual agents and intelligent chatbots is set to change traditional marketing. AI chatbots marketing can put brand visibility in hyper drive with targeted messaging. They can boost engagement with existing customers and prospects to generate leads and also analyze their data to provide you with fine-grained insights for predictive and prescriptive marketing.

Virtual agents also streamline customer requests, ensure 24/7 customer support and route conversations to the appropriate team for the best results–all resulting in increased customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Predictive and prescriptive AI

Predictive and prescriptive analytics are already making AI marketing tools essential for marketers. Prescription analytics sorts social listening data into categories based on consumer motivations, mindsets and intentions. This information from conversational analytics enables you to develop highly targeted ads, posts and emails that will yield optimal results. A great example of this is how streaming services use your previous choices to provide you with content relevant to your interests.

Predictive analytics enables you to go further so you can anticipate outcomes and develop a business strategy well in advance based on past voice of customer data. This means you can build long-term business models, conduct risk evaluations, expand market acquisitions, and improve product designs and more.

Responsible AI

AI marketing also takes into account the fact that existing AI models are not perfect. To achieve true advantages and accuracy in deriving business insights, AI in business needs to be fair, secure, reliable, inclusive and transparent. This means that AI tools need to be developed more thoughtfully and trained with diverse data to remove biases.

There are also data privacy, copyright and governance rules being developed to ensure that ethical and societal implications are considered in order to be fair to humans and AI development companies. This means social networks and social marketing teams need to be cognizant of how they employ AI tools to collect customer data, create content, show personalized ads to influence purchase behavior or for any other reason.

 

ZDA launches Exporters survey Report

By Daily News Reporter

Zambia Development Agency (ZDA)has launched a survey which is an important report which highlights the performance of exports in particular, nontraditional exports (NTES) and the factors affecting exporters and exports, the survey is aimed at informing policy and strategy formulation in order to improve exports The Agency undertakes the exports survey annually in order to assess the performance of Zambia‘s Non-traditional exports (NTES) and propose interventions in addressing the identifies And in the report it shows that in 2023 the agency linked 283 exporters from various sectors to export markets.

From the linkages $98.3million worth of export leads and $3.7million confirmed orders were reordered mainly from the agro-processing, chemicals and manufacturing sectors.

Furthermore through Zambia export development fund (ZEDF), the agency provided trade financing amounting to$582,692 to four exports in the manufacturing, mining and agriculture sector And speaking during at the launch in Lusaka ZDA BOARD CHAIRPERSON PROF. BIEMBA MALITI stated that these interventions indicates that the agency has continued unweaving support in promoting and facilitating trade particularly the of growth of NTES

And Minister of Commerce, Trade and Industry CHIPOKA MULENGA MP, stated that Government is yielding dividend as evidence by increase in NTES from 3.52 billion in 2022 to $ 4.23 billion in 2023, representing an increase of 20.2 percent.

The share of NTES to total exports in 2023 stood at 40.6 % signifying an over achievement against the 8 NDP annual target.

He further said that the economy has also demonstrated resilience and steadily growth from 3.6 percent in 2021 to 5.8 percent in 2023.

The government is cognizant of some the challenges exporters are experiencing which includes high cost of doing business, export bans, bureaucratic export process, and high export duties in target markets.

Government has put in place incentives specifically for exporters operating in the special economic zones in order to attract more export oriented investments, reduce the cost of production and enhance competitiveness of businesses,” Chipoka said.

 

 

The Zambia Association of Manufacturers (ZAM) has called on the government to expedite Value Added Tax (VAT) refunds for manufacturers who consistently comply with tax regulations. During the 2024 pre-budget meeting in Lusaka, ZAM President Ashu Sagar emphasized the need for a scorecard system to prioritize compliant manufacturers for VAT refunds and other tax-related reimbursements.

Mr. Sagar proposed significant tax reforms, including:

Reducing Income Tax Rates: Manufacturers serving domestic and export markets would see their income tax rates reduced from 20% and 10% to 16% and 14%, respectively.

Extending Proof of Exportation Timeframe: The timeframe for presenting proof of exportation under VAT Rule 18 would be extended from the current 3 months to 6 months.

Increasing Turnover Tax Threshold: Aligning the Turnover Tax (TOT) threshold with the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) classification by raising it from K800,000.

Additionally, Mr. Sagar urged the government to standardize council levies under a single overseeing ministry and develop regulations for product listings in chain stores. He also highlighted the need to strengthen existing incentive frameworks and optimize tax structures to enhance the manufacturing sector’s performance, which has been impacted by broader economic trends

 

 

TB REMAINS ONE OF THE TOP TEN CAUSES OF MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY IN ZAMBIA

By Daily News Reporter

The Ministry of Health has revealed that Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the top ten causes of mortality and morbidity in Zambia, particularly affecting people living with HIV, despite being a preventable disease. TB still remains among the top ten causes of mortality in Zambia The TB mortality rate among people living with HIV and those not infected with HIV in Zambia stands at 74/100,000 and 30/100,000, respectively.

During a Media Café Meeting in Lusaka, Ministry of Health Spokesperson Dr. Kalangwa Kalangwa, stated that a significant uptake of TB preventive medicines among people living with HIV, has exceeded to 90%. However, he noted that low uptake of less than 50% among HIV-negative individuals who are also at risk.

Dr.Kalangwa highlighted that hesitancy is prevalent among this group because they do not exhibit TB symptoms and thus believe they cannot benefit from the preventive treatment. He emphasized the importance of encouraging individuals with certain risk factors to visit health facilities for TB screening. If they do not show symptoms suggestive of TB, they should be offered TB preventive fit kits.

To combat TB in Zambia effectively its necessity of promoting TB screening and preventive measures among all at-risk groups. The Ministry offers various treatment duration options tailored to patient preferences and clinical assessments, ranging from one month to six months.

 Additionally, Dr. Kalangwa assured that Zambia has maintained a consistent supply of all necessary commodities for TB screening, diagnosis, and treatment for the past eight years, underscoring the country's commitment to tackling this public health issue.    It was in November 2021, Beatrice kangwa (name withheld) who hails from Chongwe District diagnosed with TB at the youthful age of 26. The first symptom she noticed was the persistent cough. She felt it needed immediate medical attention and consulted her local doctor. The diagnosis by the local doctor was that she was allergic to sweets and fried food. She took the advice and followed the prescribed medicines and got rid of her cough which returned soon and this time in the company of a low-grade fever.

The doctor prescribed more tests and x-ray. After looking at her x-ray, the astonished doctor immediately referred her to a specialist at levy Mwanawasa university teaching hospital in Lusaka. By now she feared the worst and the doctor immediately assured her that it wasn’t cancer but TB.

To confirm it the specialist doctor recommended more tests and they all validated it. Her immediate concern was whether she could be infecting her family members with such a contagious disease.

“More than the disease, it is the stigma that is harder to fight. I remember I went into a shell, scared that people might keep away thinking it’s contagious. I wondered who will marry me. Will this affect my siblings and their chance of getting married?” She recalls.

To her slight relief the doctor said her that her TB being extra-pulmonary was non-infectious. Reassured, she started her treatment under the specialist doctor's observation. A week passed by and the side effects from the medicines took a toll on her body. She started vomiting and had a constant uneasiness in her stomach. She contacted her doctor and altered her dosage. The new TB medication was less problematic and in a short span her body also adapted to the TB medication. She started to lead her 'somewhat regular life'. The doctor assured her that in nine months she would be TB free and she was eagerly looking forward to it.

Unexpected Road blocks as it was nearing the course of nine months, she noticed a bulge on the right side of her chest wall. She immediately brought it to the notice of the doctor whore commended a surgery. By then it was near to ten months of treatment and with the bulge she continued the medication for another two more months. During this period in every three months she regularly underwent x-ray and blood tests.

The doctor made sure that she was responding to the second line treatment well." I felt better and became hopeful again. And in 2011, I was declared TB free," she says.

In most cases, TB-affected individuals are often left on their own to deal with their struggles. If TB and its long treatment with numerous side effects were not bad enough mental health challenges combined with stigma make things worse.

TB, the Best Teacher!“ One thing I learned is that it is very important to talk about the stigma of TB. Silence was not an option for me. Remember stigma impacts you deeply. If you have TB talk to someone whom you trust. Don't suffer in silence. Let us fight TB together. TB had disrupted my life on multiple levels. I dreamt of a perfectly married life at26 and babies by 29 and watch them grow for the rest of my life. All of them went awry. Dealing with TB taught me a few lessons. I realized that I was craving an easy life with no difficulties. Surviving TB turned out to be the best teacher for me as I learnt that pain is the only way to grow. TB is curable. Let us collectively fight against it. The right diagnosis, proper treatment and the much-needed awareness about it are necessary to defeat TB. We must fight against TB, not those affected by it,” she added.

 

NISIR STARTS TRIALS ON DROUGHT RESISTANT CASSAVA AND SWEET POTATOES

By Daily News Reporter

The National Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research (NISIR) is conducting trials on drought-resistant varieties of cassava and sweet potatoes. These trials aim to recommend crops suitable for the southern part of the country, which has been severely affected by drought.

 

Dr. Alinesi Chakwiya, Head of NISIR’s Plant Science Research Center, explained that they are focusing on varieties that require minimal water but can still thrive and provide sustenance. Specifically, the drier regions, such as Southern Province, will be recommended for crops like sorghum, sweet potatoes, and cassava—plants known for their ability to withstand long dry spells.

 

The cassava trials are expected to span a minimum of three years, while sweet potato trials will take around a year and a half. Once completed, NISIR will be able to recommend specific crops for planting in drought conditions.

And Technology and Science Minister Felix Mutati has encouraged NISIR to identify crops suitable for each province, emphasizing the importance of regional recommendations to enhance food security at the household level.

 

 

 

“Africa will be the pivotal continent in the world, given its economic prospects”—African Development Bank Group President

By Daily News Reporter

Dr. Akinwumi Adesina, President of the African Development Bank Group, recently delivered an inspiring address at Chatham House, emphasizing Africa’s untapped potential and abundant opportunities. In his presentation titled “Envisioning Africa’s Economic Prospects,”

 Adesina highlighted several key points:

Tremendous Opportunities in Africa:

Africa is characterized by a young, dynamic, and vibrant workforce.

The continent has massive renewable energy potential, abundant biodiversity resources, and rapid regional integration.

Innovative solutions are being developed to unlock Africa’s vast natural capital.

Resilience Amid Global Challenges:

Despite global challenges, Africa’s economies remain resilient.

The continent is the second-fastest-growing region after Asia.

The African Economic Outlook Report1 indicates 3.7% economic growth for 2024, projected to increase to 4.3% in 2025.

Fifteen countries achieved real growth rates of at least 5%, and half of the world’s 20 fastest-growing economies are in Africa.

Overcoming Headwinds:

To achieve strong economic prospects and resilience, Africa must address significant challenges.

These challenges include tackling climate change, managing rising debt, and implementing critical global financial reforms.

Adesina emphasized the need for structural changes in African economies, increased agricultural productivity, expanded infrastructure investments, accelerated digitalization, and greater private sector mobilization. By doing so, Africa can unlock its economic potential and play a pivotal role in the world economy.