CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTING ACCESS OF QUALITY WATER

By Daily News Reporter

Climate change is affecting water access for many people in different parts of the country causing more severe droughts and floods.

Increasing global temperatures are one of the main contributors to this challenge as climate change impacts the water cycle by influencing when, where, and how much precipitation falls.

Lusaka City is currently facing threats to quality water due to severe drought across the country and in areas such as Kanyama where floods has become a perennial problem because of poor drainage system and that the area sits on the impervious dolomite rock.

These drought and floods affects access to quality water as the residents in the compound depends on water kiosks were water is intermittent. Other compounds include Misisi, Zingalume, Kalikiliki, Garden house, Bauleni and Mazyopa compounds where they face water challenges either during rainy season or dry season. As a result of erratic water supply most residents draw water from shallow wells for their house chores.

In an interview with some residents in Kanyama compound they said that access to quality water is a serious challenge because during the rainy season the toilets which are mostly filled up mixes with the flooded water risking the residents to waterborne diseases such as typhoid, dysentery and cholera.

“We always face water challenges here in Kanyama during the rainy season because of the floods, we depend on shallow wells because we often experience erratic water supply from kiosks, said the residents.

The other challenge in these areas is the use of pit latrines which get filled and drains to the ground during the rains threatening the ground water.

While Kanyama residents’ faces flood related challenges, the situation is different from Bauleni compound residents who said lack of water is a serious challenge in the area which environmentalists says this is because of some illegal settlements where some people have encroached recharge areas.

But Lusaka Water Supply and Sanitation Company (former)  Public Relations Manager Nshamba Muzungu said that climate change has affected access to water in Bauleni as the main borehole has dried up.

“ I want to confirm that in Bauleni area they are facing water challenges due the borehole that has dried up as a result of climate change”, said Mr. Muzungu. He said the LWSSC is now distributing the water using bowsers to help the affected residents.

Mr. Muzungu said the challenge is not only in Bauleni compound but Zingalume where some boreholes belong to LWSSC have been affected.

He said the company through Kafue Bulk Water Supply Project will ensure that most compounds benefit and connected to the network to enhance access to quality water.

Meanwhile, Water Aid Zambia Head of Policy Campaigns and Communication Chitimbwa Chifunda has urged more funding to water sector saying poor water, sanitation and hygiene are the main causes of infections like cholera and diarrhea.

And the National Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Programme (NUWSSP), which spells out government’s roadmap on improving access to clean water and sanitation, amplifies these two measures by stating the investment needs of the sector.

Pursuant to Part II, subsection 4(2d) of the Water Supply and Sanitation Act No. 28 of 1997 that mandates NWASCO to develop sector guidelines on the management of water and sanitation services, NWASCO is in the process of revising a Climate Risks Screening Guideline.

The guideline was developed for use by practitioners in the country’s water sector to help identify, eliminate or allay adverse impacts that climate change may pose towards water infrastructure and resources.

It provides guidance on systematic steps practitioners can take to identify climate hazards and extenuating measures, thereof, as they design and implement water supply and sanitation projects.

Although the guideline is primarily intended for use on new projects, it will also be used to climate proof already existing water supply and sanitation project t s and infrastructure by guiding decision making for any modifications that may be required.

 As a response to the growing water demand amid dwindling water resources in the capital city which has seen increasing urbanization and industrialization, an initiative called Lusaka Water Security Initiative (LuWSI) was started in 2016 to contribute to the security of water resources.

LuWSI, a multi-stakeholder collaboration system between public sector, private sector, civil society and international actors, aspires for a water secure city for its residents and businesses. Currently, LuWSI has 25 members and the patron is the Ministry of Water Development and Sanitation.

In line with one of its core functions of assessing, prioritizing and monitoring water security threats and solutions, impacts of climate change is one of the challenges LuWSI tries to address. As a LuWSI partner, NWASCO hosts the LuWSI secretariat.

NWASCO has also collaborated with partners in collecting information for the purposes of quantifying green gas emissions for the sector and in identifying opportunities for reduction including energy reduction.

The water sector must continue developing climate change m mitigation and adaption measures in order to safeguard its resource.